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Litecoin, created by former Google engineer Charlie Lee, was officially launched on November 9, 2011. Designed as a lightweight alternative to Bitcoin, Litecoin sought to improve upon Bitcoin's limitations, including slower transaction speeds, a capped supply of 84 million coins (four times Bitcoin's 21 million), and the centralization risks posed by large mining pools under Bitcoin's Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus. By implementing a faster block generation time (2.5 minutes vs. Bitcoin's 10 minutes) and adopting the memory-intensive Scrypt hashing algorithm, Litecoin aimed to enhance transaction efficiency while maintaining decentralization. These innovations positioned Litecoin as one of the earliest and most successful Bitcoin forks, earning it the nickname "the silver to Bitcoin's gold."